Who was the first African-American to preside over a national political convention?

• A. John Roy Lynch
• B. Barack Obama
• C. Jesse Jackson
• D. Colin Powell

Answer: (A)

John Roy Lynch was the first African-American to preside over a national political convention, specifically the Republican National Convention in 1872. His leadership was significant because it came during the Reconstruction Era, a time when African-Americans were gaining political rights and representation after the Civil War. Lynch's role exemplified the increased participation of African-Americans in politics during this period, demonstrating both the progress being made and the challenges that still lay ahead. His contributions to the Republican Party and to legislation during his time in Congress further emphasized the pivotal role of African-Americans in shaping American political landscape in the 19th century.

While Barack Obama, Jesse Jackson, and Colin Powell have made significant contributions to politics, and Obama notably became the first African-American president, none presided over a national political convention prior to Lynch's historic accomplishment.