Which historical figure led the first sit-in movement at a segregated lunch counter?

• A. Rosa Parks
• B. James Lawson
• C. John Lewis
• D. Carter G. Woodson

Answer: (B)

The first sit-in movement at a segregated lunch counter was indeed led by James Lawson. In 1960, Lawson played a crucial role in organizing and training student activists in nonviolent protest techniques. His leadership was pivotal in the sit-ins that took place at various establishments, most notably in Nashville, Tennessee. These demonstrations were aimed at challenging and dismantling segregation policies in the South, particularly in public spaces like lunch counters.

Lawson understood the power of nonviolent resistance and was profoundly influenced by Mahatma Gandhi’s principles. He emphasized preparation and discipline among the students, which contributed significantly to the success of the sit-in movement, as it garnered national attention and support for the Civil Rights Movement. The actions taken during these sit-ins were foundational in the push toward desegregation and civil rights, marking a significant moment in American history.