Which African American scientist is known for his work with peanuts and crop rotation?

• A. George Washington Carver
• B. Booker T. Washington
• C. Henry McBay
• D. Charles Drew

Answer: (A)

The work of George Washington Carver is particularly notable for its impact on agriculture in the early 20th century, especially in the American South. Carver developed innovative farming techniques that emphasized the importance of crop rotation to restore nutrients to the soil, which was essential for sustainable agriculture. This practice not only helped farmers increase their yields but also promoted the growth of crops such as peanuts, sweet potatoes, and soybeans, which contributed to soil health and provided diverse economic opportunities for farmers.

Carver's emphasis on peanuts led to numerous discoveries regarding their uses and potential products, including food items, cooking oil, and industrial products. His efforts not only advanced agricultural science but also helped to uplift the economic conditions of many African American farmers by providing them with practical and profitable alternatives to cash crops like cotton.

In contrast, the other individuals mentioned had different focuses; for instance, Booker T. Washington was primarily an educator and civil rights leader, Henry McBay was known for his work in chemistry, and Charles Drew made significant contributions to medicine, particularly in blood preservation and transfusion. Each of these figures made important contributions to their respective fields, but none were specifically recognized for work with peanuts and agricultural practices like George Washington Carver.